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17.04.2009 18:32 - История на Япония - периодът Хейан /на английски език/
Автор: bgjapanology Категория: Технологии   
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Heian Period
                The Heian period (平安時代; "平安" - lit. "peace, tranquility"?), lasting from 794 to 1185, is the final period of classical Japanese history. It is considered the peak of the Japanese imperial court and noted for its art, especially in poetry and literature. In the early 11th century, Lady Murasaki wrote the world"s oldest surviving novel called The Tale of Genji. The Man"yōshū and Kokin Wakashū, the oldest existing collections of Japanese poetry, were compiled in the period.
                    Strong differences from mainland Asian cultures emerged (such as an indigenous writing system, the kana). Chinese influence had reached its peak, and then effectively ended with the last Imperial-sanctioned mission to Tang China in 838, due to the decline of the Tang Dynasty, although trade expeditions and Buddhist pilgrimages to China continued
                 Political power in the Imperial court was in the hands of powerful aristocratic families, especially the Fujiwara clan, who ruled under the titles Sessho and Kampaku (regents).
                The end of the period saw the rise of various military clans. The four most powerful clans were the Minamoto clan, the Taira clan, the Fujiwara clan, and the Tachibana clan. Towards the end of the 12th century, conflicts between these clans turned into civil war, such as the Hōgen and Heiji Rebellions, followed by the Genpei war, from which emerged a society led by samurai clans, under the political rule of the shogun.



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Автор: bgjapanology
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